Determining if a number is an integer or a decimal in Python

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Determine if a number is an integer or a decimal in Python.

The following cases are explained with sample codes.

  • Determines whether a number is an integer int or a floating-point float:isinstance()
  • Determines if a float type number is an integer (0 decimal places):float.is_integer()
  • Determines if a number string is an integer

To obtain the integer and decimal values of a decimal number, see the following article.

See the following article for information on determining whether a string is a number (including Chinese numerals, etc.) rather than whether it is an integer or decimal.

Determines whether a number is an integer or floating point type: isinstance()

The type of an object can be obtained with the built-in function type().

i = 100
f = 1.23

print(type(i))
print(type(f))
# <class 'int'>
# <class 'float'>

isinstance(object, type)
This built-in function can be used to determine if an object is of a particular type. This can be used to determine whether a number is an integer or floating point type.

print(isinstance(i, int))
# True

print(isinstance(i, float))
# False

print(isinstance(f, int))
# False

print(isinstance(f, float))
# True

In this case, it only judges the type, so it cannot judge whether a float type value is an integer (with a decimal point of 0) or not.

f_i = 100.0

print(type(f_i))
# <class 'float'>

print(isinstance(f_i, int))
# False

print(isinstance(f_i, float))
# True

Determines if a float type number is an integer (0 decimal places): float.is_integer()

The is_integer() method is provided for the float type, which returns true if the value is an integer and false otherwise.

f = 1.23

print(f.is_integer())
# False

f_i = 100.0

print(f_i.is_integer())
# True

For example, a function that returns true for an integer number can be defined as follows On the other hand, a string type would be false.

def is_integer_num(n):
    if isinstance(n, int):
        return True
    if isinstance(n, float):
        return n.is_integer()
    return False

print(is_integer_num(100))
# True

print(is_integer_num(1.23))
# False

print(is_integer_num(100.0))
# True

print(is_integer_num('100'))
# False

Determines if a number string is an integer

If you want to determine that a string of integer digits is also an integer, the following functions are possible.

For values that can be converted to float type with float(), the is_integer() method is applied after the conversion to float and the result is returned.

def is_integer(n):
    try:
        float(n)
    except ValueError:
        return False
    else:
        return float(n).is_integer()

print(is_integer(100))
# True

print(is_integer(100.0))
# True

print(is_integer(1.23))
# False

print(is_integer('100'))
# True

print(is_integer('100.0'))
# True

print(is_integer('1.23'))
# False

print(is_integer('string'))
# False

See the following article for details on converting strings to numbers.

See the following article for details on determining whether a string is a number (including Chinese numerals, etc.).